What constitutes a 'calming signal' from a dog?

A 'calming signal' from a dog refers to behaviors exhibited by a dog that indicate it is feeling anxious, stressed, or uncomfortable, and it is trying to diffuse a potentially tense situation. The behaviors listed in the correct answer—yawning, turning away, and licking its nose—are all commonly recognized as calming signals.

Yawning can indicate stress or a desire to calm oneself in a situation. Turning away is a clear signal that the dog is attempting to avoid confrontation and does not want to engage. Licking the nose is another behavior that can signify uncertainty or stress, as the dog may be trying to soothe itself. These signals are essential for understanding a dog's emotional state and allowing the dog to communicate its need for space or comfort in a stressful environment.

In contrast, the other options include behaviors that indicate aggression, dominance, or excitement, which do not convey the calming intent. For instance, growling and barking aggressively suggest a defensive or confrontational stance, while running towards a person with a wagging tail could indicate excitement or playfulness rather than a need for calming. Baring teeth or staring intensely is a clear sign of aggression or a warning signal, not a calming behavior. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for safely interacting with