When dealing with a dog that shows signs of dominant aggression, one should:

Maintaining caution and avoiding confrontation is crucial when dealing with a dog displaying signs of dominant aggression. This approach is important because dominant aggression often stems from a dog's desire to assert control over its environment or perceived threats. By approaching the situation with caution, you can minimize the risk of escalation and foster a more secure environment for both the dog and those around it.

Staying calm and avoiding any aggressive posturing, such as direct eye contact or sudden movements, can help de-escalate the situation. It allows you to assess the dog's behavior without prompting a defensive or aggressive response. Furthermore, giving the dog space can encourage it to relax and feel less threatened, which is essential for safely managing aggressive behavior.

In contrast, the other strategies, such as making direct eye contact or approaching quickly, could be perceived as confrontational and might exacerbate the aggression. Encouraging the dog with treats, while potentially effective in some contexts, may not be advisable in a dominant aggression scenario, as it might be misinterpreted by the dog as a challenge or reward for aggressive behavior. Overall, the emphasis should always be on safety and cautious observation to effectively manage interactions with aggressive dogs.